Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent Essay Example for Free

Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent Essay Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent and divided. How far do you agree? Napoleon was one of the most successful military leaders Europe has ever seen; his leadership of the French army saw him control much of continental Europe. Napoleons enemies did give him a great advantage during his success through their incompetence and divisions. However the weaknesses of Napoleons opposition was not the only reason why he was so successful. One must also look at other reasons to why Napoleon had so much success. Napoleons enemies had old-fashioned, slow and immobile tactics when fighting Napoleon, this made it easier for Napoleon to defeat them, as his army was quick and mobile. This inability to produced new tactics was exposed at the Battle of Ulm in 1805. The Prussians were fighting Napoleon, they were slow and immobile, and as a result lost 45,000 men, Napoleon was able to easily expose their immobility. Napoleons enemies showed were divided and not united together as they failed to join together and forge a successful alliance against Napoleon. The Second Coalition of 1799 is an example of their incompetence to join together against Napoleon. It was between Britain, Russia, Austria and the Ottoman Empire. However it was made up of a series of separate alliances, which meant there was no single aim. Soon there was political fallout between Russia and Britain over Malta, which meant the coalition was effectively disbanded. The fallout allowed Napoleon to interfere and get Russia on side, and then bully Austria into the Peace of Luneville. Although it can be seen that Napoleon was successful in divide and rule as he was able to split the allies and forge a separate alliance, this failed coalition also shows the incompetence of Napoleons enemies to united against him. Napoleons enemies also saw him as infallible and this meant they would enter a battle against him with fear and often gave him too much respect. Evidently Napoleons enemies incompetence and divisions did play a part in his success, they had poor tactics and could not unite against him. However in order to analyse how far his enemies incompetence and divisions led to Napoleons success, one must also look at other factors which led to Napoleons success. Napoleons himself and his leadership of the French army is a key reason for his success. When Napoleon took command of the French army, he reorganised it and took lead of the whole army himself. The army was divided into corps of 25,000 to 30,000 soldiers, which increased the armies mobility. Napoleon controlled the whole army and decided every move on the battlefield. This along with the mobility of the army, allowed him to make fast decisions and his army were able to respond quickly. To increase speed and mobility Napoleon also introduced living off the land which meant his soldiers carried a limited supply of food and clothes and were encouraged to loot as they marched. This meant his men could travel from 12 to 15 miles a day. In another effort to increase mobility Napoleon also used horse artillery. Napoleon had great qualities as a military general; he would formulate a general plan of action before any battle and calculate all the possibilities. He did this at Austerlitz in 1805 to great effect. He engaged the Russians, but kept a large reserve, which allowed him to roll to victory. Napoleon was also a quick thinker and was able to improvise by using his mobile army to take advantage of enemy mistakes. This can be seen at the Battle of Ulm in 1805, where he improvised by making a quick decision to send marshal Murat in pursuit of the Austrians, which reduced their numbers from 70,000 to 27,000. Napoleon possessed great charisma. Wellington said of him his presence in the battlefield is worth an extra 40,000 men. He would fight alongside his men, which inspired his men and gained him respect. He did this at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, when times got hard for his soldiers. He also used emotional, theatrical language in his Daily Bulletins, to inspire and arouse the passions of his troops. This ability to inspire his troops meant he got the best out of his men at all times, increasing his chances of victory. Napoleon also understood the importance of paying his men in coin money as appose to paper money, as it did not depreciate in value. He also allowed them to loot as they conquered new lands. This boosted morale as his soldiers were payed well and it also meant they respected him. Napoleon would also play to his strengths, and as he had a weak navy, he never fought naval battles. Another skill of Napoleon was his ability to incorporate other peoples tactics into his own army with great effect. For instance he took military thinker Guiberts tactic of mixed order (a combination of lines and columns of men), and incorporated it into the army. It had a great impact as it increased mobility and meant they were less vulnerable and predictable. Although it was not his idea, Napoleon did incorporate into his army to great effect. Evidently Napoleons military skills and leadership of the French army was another reason for him been so successful. He possessed great skills such controlling the whole army, planning ahead and improving to take advantage of enemy mistakes. He was also brilliant at getting the best out of his troops through his charisma and incorporating other peoples tactics to great effect. Another reason that must be analysed in order to establish why Napoleon was so successful is the strength of the French army he inherited when he came to power. Due to conscription introduced in 1793 before Napoleon was in power, the French army was by far the largest in Europe. By 1805 it consisted of around 600,000 men. This was an obvious a great advantage to Napoleon, it enabled him to change the nature of warfare to levee on masse. The size of the army allowed him to surround enemies as he did at the twin battle of Jena-Auerstadt where by surrounding the Prussians, made them face on the wrong way when battle began, as a result they lost 45,000 men. Napoleon was also able to take huge losses himself, as on average he took on 73,000 new conscripts. Napoleon also inherited the experienced soldiers that had fought in the Grande Armee during the French revolution; these men were of great value. So evidently Napoleon was assisted in his success, as he inherited a huge army, which gave him the edge against the smaller, weaker armies of his enemies. So although Napoleon was assisted by the incompetent and divided nature of his enemies, other factors also had a great contribution in his success, particularly his military skills and leadership. Without possessing great skills he would have not been as successful. It was his skills, which allowed him to take advantage of the weakness of his enemies, and the army he inherited and as a result have so much military success.

Nat King Cole Essay -- essays research papers

Nat "King" Cole Music is a universal language, a language that many can speak; however, one that only few can master. One of those masters was Nat "King" Cole. A true legend, Nat not only could carry a song with his voice, but also through his incredible skills with the piano. Today, Nat is most remembered for that soft, soothing and so powerful voice; however he is recognized as one of the greatest jazz pianists of all-time. The man today known as Nat "King" Cole was actually born in Nathaniel Adams Coles, in Montgomery, Alabama on March 17, 1917. By the age of four, his father, Edward James Coles Sr. and his mother, Perlina Adams Coles, decided it would be best that the family move to Chicago. By the time Nat reached four years of age, his father quit his job as a grocer and moved his family to Chicago, where he became a preacher. This decision would have had a huge impact on the family as a whole, but especially in the case of Nat. Moving to Chicago was the first step in Nat’s rise to fame, the place where the foundation of a jazz superstar would be built. As a child, Nat dreamed to be a big band leader and soloist in the tradition of his idol, Earl "Fatha" Hines. By twelve years old, Nat was already playing the organ at church, amazing for such a young man only trained by his mother. Later, Nat would be enrolled in formal piano lessons, which only further add to his impressive repertoire. At fifteen years old, Nat decided to drop the "s" in his name, to become Nathaniel Adams Cole. By the age 17, Nat formed a 14-piece band, composed of students from both Wendall Philips and Dusable High schools in Chicago. The band would go around Chicago, working for as little as $2 or $3 a night. In 1936, Nat made his first recording for Decca, as part of his brother Eddie’s band, the Solid Swingers; however, his time with the band would not last. Later in 1936, Nat left Chicago for Los Angeles, where he would eventually land his big break. In Los Angeles, Nat joined a Eubie Blake’s revival of "Shuffle Along", in 1936. Here he worked with a dancer Nadine Robinson, who would later become his future wife. Nat continued his role in the musical until it disbanded in Long Beach California, in 1937. When Shuffle’s run was ended, Nat became intensely involved in the c... ...f his time. During his heyday, he was as popular as anyone, including the legendary Frank Sinatra. This is even more remarkable when one takes into account the fact that Nat refused to play in segregated halls – his popularity was such that he was one of the few African-Americans who could do so. 	On February 15, 1965 the music world lost one of its greats. By the time his life was over, he was already a legend, having influenced the likes of Oscar Peterson and Ahmad Jamal. Nat had performed with some of the best including Duke Ellington and performed for some of the best, including the Queen ¨, he was even friends with John F. Kennedy. Though he is often remembered today as a great singer, he was also one of history’s greatest jazz pianists. It is said that as a pianist, he developed the intricate right-hand style of initiated by Hines and the sparse left-hand of Count Basiel. His records have been released and re-released and even to this day they are still popular. Through the marvels of modern technology, Nat and his daughter, Natalie (who is also a well-known artist) were reunited for a rendition of the classic, "Unforgettable", which he certainly is.

Siemens: Motivation and Employees

SIEMENS: 1. Identify four benefits to Siemens of its in-depth training and development of workers. Ans. Training refers to increasing the knowledge, skills and attitude of employees or extending those the employees already have. Siemens as the top three electrical and electronic companies has been running various effective training programs for their employees in order to build a strong work force and thus contribute better services to the society.In order to do that, they are providing their employees with both on the job (shadowing, mentoring, coaching, job rotation) and off the job (courses, presentations, qualifications) training sessions. Along with the training, company is also providing different development programs to make their employees more flexible, adaptable to change, more creative and innovative. All these training and development programs have brought outstanding benefits to the company.Four of the main benefits of these are discussed below: * Raising productivity an d profit: The main objective of doing any business is to make profit increasing productivity. Siemens also has the same motive and for that it is continuously looking for improved training programs to build a more competent, efficient and a highly motivated team of employees. As the training is motivating the employees highly, they are more dedicated to work for Siemens which in turn gives the company a huge production and profit every year. Improving services and customer satisfaction: The employees of Siemens are always working for providing better service to their customers. They are highly motivated and confident enough to serve the customers with servicing them on time, keeping their clients informed and by doing what they are promising to do. These types of service are making the customers happy and satisfied to stay with Siemens. * Being more able to respond to competition: A well trained employees with good key skills, especially communication and team working skills has giv en the company a competent and efficient work force.So, this era of huge competition, they have achieved to be the top three electrical companies of the world and is currently competing with all their small and large competitors successfully. * Able to gain long-term employee commitment: Costs of recruiting staffs are high but retaining good staffs are far more difficult. Through different training and development programs like- Apprenticeship, Siemens Commercial Academy, Siemens Graduate Programs, the company is training to build a group of good staffs, they are making them more qualified, more dedicated and motivated towards the organization.It makes the employees stay with the company for longer periods which reduces the cost of recruitment resulting in cost savings. 2. Explain how an appraisal system can help to motivate employees. Ans. To measure the effectiveness of its training and development, unlike other renowned organizations Siemens is also using an appraisal system, kno wn as Performance management process. Well-designed and well-executed performance appraisals have a strong motivational impact. Appraisals have the power to motivate employees because they provide a number of interconnected benefits.A well planned appraisal method can thus motivate an organization’s employees to find out the best from them. A well planned appraisal method tends to cover up the following issues which can help the employees to be well motivated: * Demonstrates the need for improvement: If employees don’t have a clear understanding of how they’ve been performing, they can’t be motivated to make any improvements. So, an appraisal system works as a standard to motivate people by pointing out the deficiencies on them. * Employees build a sense of personal value.When managers take the time and effort to carefully review, analyze, document, and discuss performance with employees, the underlying message to the employees is that they’re impo rtant and valuable, and this alone is quite rewarding, whether the feedback is positive or not. * Turn the employees around: When employees are performing poorly, performance appraisals can provide the wakeup call that they need to get refocused and reenergized. With performance appraisal, however, the purpose of the session is not strictly disciplinary, so the employee is more likely to walk in with a more receptive and open mind. Pay reviews: In some instances, appraisals are related to pay reviews. In these cases, if the employees pay rises due to their good performance, they will feel motivated. * Increases satisfaction. When performance appraisals meet the employees’ needs in such areas as gaining recognition, sensing achievement and competence, experiencing growth, and meeting objectives, they’re also contributing to the employees’ job satisfaction, and this is one of the most important elements at work today. When employees are satisfied, some of the most visible indicators are reduced turnover, absenteeism, and tardiness. Meets higher-level psychological needs: Recognition is one of the most powerful forms of motivation for large numbers of employees. Although, there are numerous possible sources of recognition on the job, performance appraisals are an opportunity for employees to receive formal, significant, and enduring recognition from their manager. * Proper feedback: Providing the employees with proper feedback may give them the motive to try hard to overcome their deficiencies and retaining the positive attitudes on them. 3.Using your understanding of the work of Herzberg, which motivators can you see in action at Siemens? Ans. From the Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory, we came to know that, an individual’s relation to his or her work is a basic one and that his or her attitude toward work can very well determine the individual’s success or failure. There are both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which results in employee’s satisfaction or no satisfaction. From the intrinsic factors the following can be seen as present in Siemens: * Responsibility: All Siemens graduates are treated as individuals and responsible.The working environment of Siemens says that it requires high skills, knowledge and working ability in their employees. So, the organization works by making their employees responsible towards their work. * Advancement: For the advancement and career development of the employees, Siemens has come up with Apprenticeship training, Commercial academy and Graduate programs. They are also provided with further qualification if necessary. These types of opportunities make the employees feel that they are advancing with their career and the company values them. * Recognition: Siemens recognizes their employee’s efforts and hard work.Those who come up with outstanding performance are treated with rewards and appraisal. * Growth: Siemens looks forward to growth of th e employees as well as the organization. In the case Paul Thomson says that, his training effort helped him to grow in the organization. There are some external factors that is also working as a motivating factors: * Supervision: Employees in Siemens are closely supervised and given feedback on their works. This sense of appraisal system and supervision motivates the employees to maintain a long term relation with the organization. *Relationship with peers: In the case, Gavin Leslie says that, He feels good to share things with his colleagues and there is a good relationship that occurs in the organization. They feel more socially belonging to their co-workers. * Working condition: There remains a happy, friendly environment in the organization and thus the employees make sure that their customers are staying happy. They feel good that Siemens is treating them as they want their customers to be treated like. Combinedly, all these motivating factors are helping the employees meeting up their needs as well as the company to retain their best employees for long term. . Analyze how Siemens uses training and development to ensure growth in its business. Ans. Training and development helps the growth of a business. Siemens has a clear focus on well-motivated and trained work force as it is an asset for any types of organization. They are providing different training and development programs which are making the employees more skilled to remain competitive. These well-trained employees help to retain customers as they enjoy services from them. This contributes to customer loyalty and repeat business.Thus, Siemens is treating their employees just as they want their customer to be treated which in turn is giving Siemens a huge business growth and good will. So, we can see, ensuring growth of any business lies upon its employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction which Siemens is successfully maintaining. Various training and development programs Helps to build more skilled, motivated and competitive work force Repeat transaction increases production and helps to grow business Loyal customers make repeat transaction Motivated employees tend to provide better customer service and retain customers

The Development of the Automobile and How it has...

How has it affected our daily lives? How has it evolved through the last century? Who invented it? The automobile has changed our daily lives in a number of different ways. It has evolved from a product for the rich into something that most people can afford. It has so many purposes, transporting goods, being used for travel and even being used for the army. The invention of the automobile has transformed both personal and commercial means of transportation worldwide. Henry Ford, an inventor of the automobile, has had many days in his childhood shape his life and help him in the invention of his Automobile and the start of the Ford Motor Company. One important event that happened with Ford and his mom was when Mrs. Ford encouraged him to do arduous tasks. â€Å"She taught me that disagreeable jobs call for courage and patience, and self-discipline, and she also taught me that ‘I don’t want to’ gets a fellow nowhere†¦. My mother used to say, when I grumbled about it, ‘Life will give you many unpleasant tasks to do; your duty will be hard and disagreeable and painful to you at times, but you must do it. You may have pity on others, but you must not pity yourself. Do what you find to do, and what you know you must do, and what you know you must do, to the best of your ability’† (Burgan 8). There were three other events that shaped Ford’s life when he was younger. The first event was on his thirteen th birthday when he received a watch. He was intrigued by the fact that the watchShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Air Pollution In China1044 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause of respiratory disease, and death rate caused by it is increasing year by year. Government has noticed the danger of air pollution and importance of stopping it. To figure out the problem should consider three aspects: causes, dangers and solutions. 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